2018 May 16 Map

地图系列之四 导航划线

简介

  1. 什么是导航划线?
  2. 简单来说, 就是根据用户指定的位置, 进行路线规划; 然后根据用户在行走过程中, 实时的给出指引提示
  3. 导航的三种实现方案:
    1. 可以将需要导航的位置丢给系统的地图APP进行导航
    2. 发送网络请求到公司服务器获取导航数据, 然后自己手动绘制导航(基本没人使用)
    3. 利用三方SDK实现导航(百度)
  4. 怎么使用MapKit在应用中自己划线?

导航画线

使用MapKit自己划线

  1. 使用MKDirections获取导航路线信息

     // 方向对象
 MKDirections *directions = [[MKDirections alloc] initWithRequest:request];
    
 // 计算路线
 [directions calculateDirectionsWithCompletionHandler:^(MKDirectionsResponse *response, NSError *error) {
     NSLog(@"总共=====%d条路线", response.routes.count);
     }
 }];

  2. 绘制路线,添加覆盖层等

      /**
  注意：这里不像添加大头针那样，只要我们添加了大头针模型，默认就会在地图上添加系统的大头针视图
  添加覆盖层，需要我们实现对应的代理方法，在代理方法中返回对应的覆盖层
  */
 [self.mapView addOverlay:overlay];
 调用了以上方法后,会调用以下代理方法获取对应的渲染涂层
 -(MKOverlayRenderer *)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView rendererForOverlay:(id<MKOverlay>)overlay

  3. 具体代码举例

     #import "ViewController.h"
 #import <MapKit/MapKit.h>
 #import <CoreLocation/CoreLocation.h>
 #import "ZHAnnotation.h"
 @interface ViewController ()<MKMapViewDelegate>
 @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet MKMapView *mapView;
 @property (nonatomic,strong) CLLocationManager *locationManager;
 @property (nonatomic, strong) CLGeocoder *geocoder;
 @end
    
 @implementation ViewController
 -(CLLocationManager *)locationManager{
     if (_locationManager == nil) {
         _locationManager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init];
     }
     return _locationManager ;
 }
    
 - (CLGeocoder *)geocoder
 {
     if (!_geocoder) {
         self.geocoder = [[CLGeocoder alloc] init];
     }
     return _geocoder;
 }
    
 - (void)viewDidLoad {
     [super viewDidLoad];
     //请求定位iOS8.0+
     [self.locationManager requestWhenInUseAuthorization];
     [self.locationManager requestAlwaysAuthorization];
    
     //设置地图代理
     self.mapView.delegate = self;
        
     NSString *address1 = @"北京";
     NSString *address2 = @"广州";
     //地理编码出2个位置
     [self.geocoder geocodeAddressString:address1 completionHandler:^(NSArray *placemarks, NSError *error) {
         if (error) return;
            
         CLPlacemark *fromPm = [placemarks firstObject];
            
         [self.geocoder geocodeAddressString:address2 completionHandler:^(NSArray *placemarks, NSError *error) {
             if (error) return;
                
             CLPlacemark *toPm = [placemarks firstObject];
                
             [self addLineFrom:fromPm to:toPm];
         }];
     }];
 }
    
 /**
  *  添加导航的线路
  *
  *  @param fromPm 起始位置
  *  @param toPm   结束位置
  */
 - (void)addLineFrom:(CLPlacemark *)fromPm to:(CLPlacemark *)toPm{
        
     // 1.根据编码的位置添加2个大头针
     ZHAnnotation *fromAnno = [[ZHAnnotation alloc] init];
     fromAnno.coordinate = fromPm.location.coordinate;
     fromAnno.title = fromPm.name;
     [self.mapView addAnnotation:fromAnno];
        
     ZHAnnotation *toAnno = [[ZHAnnotation alloc] init];
     toAnno.coordinate = toPm.location.coordinate;
     toAnno.title = toPm.name;
     [self.mapView addAnnotation:toAnno];
        
        
     /*******核心代码*********/
     // 2.查找路线
        
     // 方向请求
     MKDirectionsRequest *request = [[MKDirectionsRequest alloc] init];
     // 设置起点
     MKPlacemark *sourcePm = [[MKPlacemark alloc] initWithPlacemark:fromPm];
     request.source = [[MKMapItem alloc] initWithPlacemark:sourcePm];
        
     // 设置终点
     MKPlacemark *destinationPm = [[MKPlacemark alloc] initWithPlacemark:toPm];
     request.destination = [[MKMapItem alloc] initWithPlacemark:destinationPm];
        
     // 方向对象
     MKDirections *directions = [[MKDirections alloc] initWithRequest:request];
        
     // 计算路线
     [directions calculateDirectionsWithCompletionHandler:^(MKDirectionsResponse *response, NSError *error) {
         NSLog(@"总共=====%d条路线", response.routes.count);
            
         // 遍历所有的路线
         for (MKRoute *route in response.routes) {
             // 添加路线遮盖(就回调用下面的代理方法)
             /*
              注意：这里不像添加大头针那样，只要我们添加了大头针模型，默认就会在地图上添加系统的大头针视图
              添加覆盖层，需要我们实现对应的代理方法，在代理方法中返回对应的覆盖层
              */
             [self.mapView addOverlay:route.polyline];
         }
     }];
 }
    
 #pragma mark - MKMapViewDelegate
 /*
  Overlay: 遮盖的意思
  跟这个方法很相似(根据模型返回大头针视图)
  - (nullable MKAnnotationView *)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView viewForAnnotation:(id <MKAnnotation>)annotation;
  那么这个方法就是根据overlay模型来返回遮盖
  MKPolyline系统自带的overlay模型
  */
 - (MKOverlayRenderer *)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView rendererForOverlay:(id<MKOverlay>)overlay
 {
     MKPolylineRenderer *renderer = [[MKPolylineRenderer alloc] initWithOverlay:overlay];
     renderer.strokeColor = [UIColor redColor];
     return renderer;
 }
 @end

使用系统自带的地图app导航

  1. 额外补充2个功能(跟系统app地图导航无关!!!)
    1. 3D视图
    2. 地图截屏
    3. POI检索: 即搜索附近的小吃等

  2. 代码举例

     #import "ViewController.h"
 #import <MapKit/MapKit.h>
 #import <CoreLocation/CoreLocation.h>
 #import "ZHAnnotation.h"
 @interface ViewController ()<MKMapViewDelegate>
 @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet MKMapView *mapView;
 @property (nonatomic,strong) CLLocationManager *locationManager;
 @property (nonatomic, strong) CLGeocoder *geocoder;
 @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIImageView *snapshootImageView;
 @end
    
 @implementation ViewController
 -(CLLocationManager *)locationManager{
     if (_locationManager == nil) {
         _locationManager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init];
     }
     return _locationManager ;
 }
    
 - (CLGeocoder *)geocoder
 {
     if (!_geocoder) {
         self.geocoder = [[CLGeocoder alloc] init];
     }
     return _geocoder;
 }
 - (void)viewDidLoad {
     [super viewDidLoad];
     //请求定位iOS8.0+
     [self.locationManager requestWhenInUseAuthorization];
     [self.locationManager requestAlwaysAuthorization];
        
     //设置地图代理
     self.mapView.delegate = self;
        
        
 }
 //开始使用自带app进行导航
 - (IBAction)startNav:(id)sender {
     NSString *address1 = @"北京";
     //地理编码出目的位置
     [self.geocoder geocodeAddressString:address1 completionHandler:^(NSArray *placemarks, NSError *error) {
         if (error) return;
            
         CLPlacemark *toPm = [placemarks firstObject];
            
         [self beginNavEndPlacemark:toPm];
     }];
 }
 //3D视图
 - (IBAction)DView:(id)sender {
     // 创建视角中心坐标
     CLLocationCoordinate2D center = CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(23.132931, 113.375924);
     // 创建3D视角
     MKMapCamera *camera = [MKMapCamera cameraLookingAtCenterCoordinate:center fromEyeCoordinate:CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(center.latitude + 0.001, center.longitude + 0.001) eyeAltitude:1];
     // 设置到地图上显示
     self.mapView.camera = camera;
    
 }
 //截屏
 - (IBAction)snipPic:(id)sender {
     // 截图附加选项
     MKMapSnapshotOptions *options = [[MKMapSnapshotOptions alloc] init];
     // 设置截图区域(在地图上的区域,作用在地图)
     options.region = self.mapView.region;
     //    options.mapRect = self.mapView.visibleMapRect;
        
     // 设置截图后的图片大小(作用在输出图像)
     options.size = self.mapView.frame.size;
     // 设置截图后的图片比例（默认是屏幕比例， 作用在输出图像）
     options.scale = [[UIScreen mainScreen] scale];
        
     MKMapSnapshotter *snapshotter = [[MKMapSnapshotter alloc] initWithOptions:options];
     [snapshotter startWithCompletionHandler:^(MKMapSnapshot * _Nullable snapshot, NSError * _Nullable error) {
         if (error) {
             NSLog(@"截图错误：%@",error.localizedDescription);
         }else
         {
             // 设置屏幕上图片显示
             self.snapshootImageView.image = snapshot.image;
             // 将图片保存到指定路径（此处是桌面路径，需要根据个人电脑不同进行修改）
             NSData *data = UIImagePNGRepresentation(snapshot.image);
             [data writeToFile:@"/Users/wangshunzi/Desktop/snap.png" atomically:YES];
         }
     }];
    
 }
 /*
  POI检索: 即搜索附近的小吃等
  */
 - (IBAction)POIsearch:(id)sender {
     MKLocalSearchRequest *request = [[MKLocalSearchRequest alloc] init];
     request.naturalLanguageQuery = @"小吃";
     request.region = self.mapView.region;
     MKLocalSearch *search=  [[MKLocalSearch alloc] initWithRequest:request];
     [search startWithCompletionHandler:^(MKLocalSearchResponse * _Nullable response, NSError * _Nullable error) {
         NSArray *items = response.mapItems;
         for (MKMapItem *item in items) {
             NSLog(@"%@===%@",item.name,item.url);
         }
     }];
 }

 // 根据两个地标对象进行调用系统导航
 - (void)beginNavEndPlacemark:(CLPlacemark *)endPlacemark
 {
     // 创建起点:当前位置为起点
      MKMapItem *currentLocation = [MKMapItem mapItemForCurrentLocation];
        
     // 创建终点:根据 CLPlacemark 地标对象创建 MKPlacemark 地标对象
     MKPlacemark *itemP2 = [[MKPlacemark alloc] initWithPlacemark:endPlacemark];
     MKMapItem *item2 = [[MKMapItem alloc] initWithPlacemark:itemP2];
        
     NSDictionary *launchDic = @{
                                 // 设置导航模式参数
                                 MKLaunchOptionsDirectionsModeKey : MKLaunchOptionsDirectionsModeDriving,
                                 // 设置地图类型
                                 MKLaunchOptionsMapTypeKey : @(MKMapTypeHybridFlyover),
                                 // 设置是否显示交通
                                 MKLaunchOptionsShowsTrafficKey : @(YES),
                                    
                                 };
     //核心代码!!!!!!!!
     // 根据 MKMapItem 数组 和 启动参数字典 来调用系统地图进行导航
     [MKMapItem openMapsWithItems:@[currentLocation, item2] launchOptions:launchDic];
 }
    
 @end

Demo地址

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